2C. Place of Publication, Distribution, etc.

2C1. Record the place of publication, etc., in the form and the grammatical case in which it appears in the source. If the place of publication appears together with the name of a larger jurisdiction (e.g., country, state, or similar designation), transcribe this as well. Include in the transcription any prepositions appearing before the name of the place, as well as accompanying words or phrases associated with the name.

Examples

2C2. If considered necessary for identification, add an alternative form of the transcribed place name in square brackets. Use the current, well-established English form of the name, it there is one.

Example

2C3. Add the name of the country, state, province, etc., to the transcribed place name if it is considered necessary for identification, or if it is considered necessary to distinguish the place from others of the same name. Use the current, well-established English form of the name, if there is one, and use abbreviations appearing in AACR 2, Appendix B.

Examples

2C4. When a place name is found only in an abbreviated form in the chief source of information, give it as found, and add the full form or complete the name.

Examples

2C5. When two or more places are given as the places of publication or distribution, and all the places are related to the same publisher or distributor, record all of them in the order in which they appear in the chief source of information.

Examples

2C6. When, in cataloging a collection of published items having a series title and the same publisher and the place of publication is found to change in the course of publication, give the place of publication of the later part(s) in a note (see also 2D5).

2C7. When the place of publication appears only as part of another area or appears as an integral part of the publisher statement, transcribe it as such, and repeat the place of publication as the first element of the publication area. Use the current, well-established English form of the name, if there is one. Enclose this supplied element in square brackets.

Examples

2C8. Fictitious or Incorrect Place Name

When the name of the place of publication appears in more than one language or script, give the statement in the language or script of the title proper, or if this criterion does not apply, give the statement that appears first. Give the parallel statement in a note, if desirable.

2C9. Address, District, or Sign as Place of Publication

When only an address, a district, or sign appears in the source, supply the name of the place of publication in English, in square brackets. Use the current, well-established English form of the name, if there is one. When supplying the place, give a justification in the note area, if necessary.

Examples

2C10. Uncertain Place of Publication

2C10.1. When the place of publication is uncertain, give the probable place in square brackets with a question mark. Use the current, well-established English form of the name, if there is one.

Examples

2C10.2. When no probable city of publication can be given, give the name of the state, province, or country, or the probable state, province, or country as the place of publication in square brackets, with a question mark if necessary. Use the current, well-established English form of the name, if there is one.

Examples

2C10.3. If, when supplying a place of publication, the reason for supplying the place is not apparent from the rest of the description, give in a note the source of such information.

2C11. More than One Language or Script

2C12. No Place of Publication

When no place or probable place can be supplied, give the abbreviation "s.l." ( sine loco), in square brackets. Capitalize only the "s" of "s.l."