Tracing Fields: Simple Cross References

Note: Guidelines for applying subfields $i (Reference instruction phrase) and $w (Control subfield) in the 4XX and 5XX fields, as well as examples of simple cross reference displays are provided below. All other content designators in the 4XX and 5XX fields are defined in the specific fields and in the X00-X85 General Information sections for each type of heading.

Simple cross references are generated for display from tracing fields. The following information is arranged by the source of the reference instruction phrase used in the cross reference: tag related, subfield $i, and subfield $w.

Tag related reference instruction phrase

A reference instruction phrase such as see: or search under: may be implicitly associated with a 4XX field tag and may be used to generate a display of a cross reference.

A reference instruction phrase such as see also: or search also under: may be implicitly associated with a 5XX field and may be used to generate a display of a cross reference.

Examples:

008/09 a [established heading record]

100 1# $aArief, Barda Nawawi,$d1943-

400 0# $aBarda Nawawi Arief,$d1943-

Cross reference display example:

Barda Nawawi Arief, 1943-

search under: Arief, Barda Nawawi, 1943-

008/09 d [subdivision record]

180 ## $xMicroform catalogs

580 ## $xBibliography$xMicroform catalogs

Cross reference display example:

Bibliography-Microform catalogs

search also under: Microform catalogs

Subfields $i (Relationship information), $w (Control subfield), and $4 (Relationship)

For subfield code definitions and examples, National level (NLR) record requirements, and designator repeatability, see table below:

Position	Description	NLR	Repeatability
4XX and 5XX	Tracing Fields	A	R
Subfield code:
$i	Relationship information	A	R
$4	Relationship	O	R
$w/	Control subfield	A	NR
/0	Special relationship	O
/0-a	Earlier heading	O
/0-b	Later heading	O
/0-d	Acronym	O
/0-f	Musical composition	O
/0-g	Broader term	O
/0-h	Narrower term	O
/0-i	Reference instruction phrase in subfield $i	O
/0-n	Not applicable	O
/0-r	Relationship designation in subfield $i or $4	O
/0-t	Immediate parent body	O
/1	Tracing use restriction	O
/1-a	Name reference structure only	O
/1-b	Subject reference structure only	O
/1-c	Series reference structure only	O
/1-d	Name and subject reference structures	O
/1-e	Name and series reference structures	O
/1-f	Subject and series reference structures	O
/1-g	Name, subject and series reference structures	O
/1-h	No reference structures. Code h indicates that the reference is not valid in any reference structure.	O
/1-n	Not applicable	O
/2	Earlier form of heading	O
/2-a	Pre-AACR 2 form of heading (national name authority file)	O
/2-e	Earlier established form of heading (national authority file)	O
/2-o	Earlier established form of heading (other authority file)	O
/2-n	Not applicable	O
/3	Reference display	O
/3-a	Reference not displayed	O
/3-b	Reference not displayed, field 664 used	O
/3-c	Reference not displayed, field 663 used	O
/3-d	Reference not displayed, field 665 used	O
/3-n	Not applicable	O