260 Publication, Distribution, Etc.

Field 260 contains the place of publication, publisher and/or distributor, date of publication, as well as the place, name, and date of manufacture when necessary.

In 2001, the 260 field was changed from Not-repeatable (NR) to Repeatable (R) to allow changes in publication information to be recorded in a prominent area in records. Before repeatable 260 fields were implemented, changes in place of publication and publisher on a later issue of a serial were given in a 500 field. The Library of Congress (LC) and Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) participants implemented the repeatable 260 field on September 1, 2009.

The order of 260 fields is chronological from earliest to latest. This order is prescribed to promote consistency in the coding of data in records for different formats over the long-term and to make it easier for catalogers who catalog multiple formats to remember.

Do not repeat specific changes of publication, etc., information in a 500 field. Use a 500 field if giving a general note about changes not given in an additional 260 field(s): e.g., "Place of publication varies."

CONSER standard record practice: It is not required to supply dates in 260 subfield $c.

NOTE: Instructions for integrating resources are available in some sections below.

Editing instructions

1. Input a terminal period in the earliest publishing statement (260, first indicator #) only when the field includes an ending date and no other terminal punctuation, such as a closing bracket, is present.

260 ## New York, N.Y. : $b E. Steiger, $c 1878-1879.

260 ## London : $b Howard League for Penal Reform, $c [c1965-c1983]

There is no final punctuation at the end of the intervening (260, first indicator 2) and latest (260, first indicator 3) publishing statements.

2. Use closed brackets around supplied information whether or not the 260 field is complete:

260 ## Moose Jaw : $b [s.n.]

260 ## Chur [Switzerland : $b s.n.]

260 ## Berkeley : $b Auditor's Office, $c -[1997]

If a date is not being recorded in subfield $c, do not input a comma after the publisher name.

260 ## [New York] : $b American Statistical Association

Stylistic conventions for brackets and the comma in the publication area were changed with the 2002 revision of AACR2. Many records in the CONSER database therefore follow earlier conventions of open brackets around supplied information if the field was not complete or a comma after a publisher date if a date is not supplied. Generally do not modify a record input according to the earlier conventions only for the purpose of deleting a comma or closing a bracket. However, if a record is being modified for other reasons, these changes can be made.

3. The 2002 revision also included the deletion of former rule 1.4D4, which allowed for shortening of the publisher name if it appeared in a recognizable form in the title and statement of responsibility area. Note that in certain examples below, where the publisher previous to 2002 was given as "$b The Society," "$b The Board," "$b The Committee," etc., the name has been changed to show the form in an unshortened form in the 260: "$b Society for Utopian Studies," etc.

First indicator - Sequence of publishing statements

The first indicator contains a value that chronologically sequences multiple publishing statements for a resource.

# Earliest available publisher.

Use value "#" when a serial is first cataloged. Information given in the 260 coded value # is not changed unless earlier issues of a serial are later available with differing publishing information. Only one publishing statement may contain first indicator value # in a record. Each serial record must contain one 260 field with first indicator value #.

260 ## [New York] : $b American Statistical Association

2 Intervening publisher.

Use value "2" when publishing statement(s) between the earliest and the latest publishing statements are necessary for identification or access. Intervening publishing statements are coded first indicator 2 and appear in the record with the earliest publishing statement (first indicator #) and a current/latest publishing statement (first indicator 3).

260 ## [Bristol, Ind.] : $b Wyndham Hall Press, $c c1986-

260 2# $3 1992- : $a Berrien Springs, MI : $b Vande Vere Publ.

260 3# $3 <1997->: $a Netherlands : $b Gordon & Breach

362 0# Vol. 1, no. 2 (fall 1986)-

Additional subsequent intervening publishing statements may be recorded as needed, in chronological order. The example below shows subsequent publishing statements and the closing of publication dates in the first 260 coded first indicator value #, based on the last issue recorded in the 362 field:

260 ## [Bristol, Ind.] : $b Wyndham Hall Press, $c c1986-2002.

260 2# $3 1992- : $a Berrien Springs, MI : $b Vande Vere Publ.

260 2# $3 <1997>-2000: $a Netherlands : $b Gordon & Breach

260 2# $3 2000-2001: $a [Amsterdam?] : $b Harwood Academic Publishers

260 3# $3 2002: $a Abingdon, U.K. : $b Routledge

362 0# Vol. 1, no. 2 (fall 1986)-v. 15, no. 4 (2002).

3 Current/latest publisher.

Use value "3" when the publisher or place of publication changes and the new information is necessary for identification or access. The current publishing statement for a serial may be added with first indicator value 3 when the record has an earliest publishing statement (with first indicator #).

260 ## $3 November 26, 1908-<1912>: $a [s.l.] : $b American Society of Animal Nutrition

260 3# $3 <November 30, 1915->: $a Manhattan, Kan. : $b American Society of Animal Production

260 ## $3 1983-1991: $a The Hague, Netherlands : $b Elsevier

260 3# $3 1992- : $a New York, N.Y. : $b Elsevier

Add a subsequent 260 (first indicator 3) field when publishing information is changed again and the new information is necessary for identification or access. If retaining intervening publishing statements, code these indicators to "2" and close the span of information in $3.

260 ## $3 November 26, 1908-<1912>: $a [s.l.] : $b American Society of Animal Nutrition

260 2# $3 <November 30, 1915->: $a Manhattan, Kan. : $b American Society of Animal Production

260 3# $3 <November 24, 1961->: $a Champaign, IL : $b American Society of Animal Science

260 ## $3 1983-1991: $a The Hague, Netherlands : $b Elsevier

260 2# $3 1992-<1995>: $a New York, N.Y. : $b Elsevier

260 3# $3 <2004->: $a Amsterdam : $b Elsevier

INTEGRATING RESOURCES:

Current/initial publication information is recorded in the first 260 field with first indicator 3#.

260 3# $a Salem, N.H. : $b Butterworth Legal Publishers, $c c1990- [mandatory]

If this information changes, catalogers have the option to either update the place of publication, and/or publisher and/or distributor in the existing 260 3# with current information:

260 3# $3 1995- : $a Charlottesville, VA : $b Michie, $c c1990- [mandatory]

or the new information can be recorded in a subsequent entry of field 260 and earlier information retained in a 260, indicator #:

260 ## $3 1990-1994: $a Salem, N.H. : $b Butterworth Legal Publishers [optional]

260 3# $3 1995- : $a Charlottesville, VA : $b Michie, $c c1990- [mandatory]

The current publishing information always resides in the 260 field with the first indicator coded "3." When retained, the initial publication statement resides in the 260 field with the first indicator coded blank "#." Intervening publishing statements are recorded in 260 fields with the first indicator coded "2."

260 ## $3 1990-1994: $a Salem, N.H. : $b Butterworth Legal Publishers

260 2# $3 1995-<1996>: $a Charlottesville, VA : $b Michie

260 3# $3 <1998->: $a LEXIS Law Pub., $c c1990-

260 ## $3 1990-1994: $a Salem, N.H. : $b Butterworth Legal Publishers

260 2# $3 1995-<1996>: $a Charlottesville, VA : $b Michie

260 2# $3 <1998>-1999: $a LEXIS Law Pub.

260 3# $3 2000- : $a Huntington, NY : $b Juris Pub., $c c1990-

For integrating resources, when 260 subfield $c is present, it is always recorded with the current publishing information (i.e., 260 field with first indicator coded "3.")

Subfields

Input subfields in the following order: $3, $a, $b, $c, $e, $f, $g, $6, $8.

Apply the following conventions for the subfielding of data in field 260:

1. Enter each place name or publisher in a separate subfield.

2. Enter multiple occurrences of other elements, such as dates, in separate subfields only when a different type of element intervenes.

3. When adding true publication information to a fictitious publisher's statement (AACR2 1.4B6), input the true data in brackets preceded by "i.e.". Give separate subfields only when a different type of element intervenes. The following monograph examples from AACR2 are given to illustrate the subfielding.

260 ## Belfast [i.e. Dublin : $b s.n.], $c 1982.

260 ## Paris : $b Impr. Vincent, $c 1798 [i.e. $a Bruxelles : $b Moens, $c 1883]

$3 Materials specified.

Subfield $3 provides information to differentiate multiple 260 fields. For serials and integrating resources chronological designations are most often used but the other forms of numbering may also be used. Use angle brackets if specific beginning and/or ending information is not known. Dates may be omitted in the earliest 260 field (indicators ##) if the coverage of that information is clear from the other 260 field(s) and other data in the bibliographic record.

260 ## $3 July 2009-Jan. 2010: $a Denver : $b Smith Publishers, $c 2009-

260 3# $3 Apr. 2010- : $a Denver : $b North Publishers

260 ## Denver : $b Smith Publishers

260 3# $3 Jan. 2010- : $a Denver : $b North Publishers

588 ## Description based on: Vol. 1, No. 1 (July 2009); title from cover.

588 ## Latest issue consulted: Vol. 1, No. 2 (Jan. 2010).

When subfield $3 is used in 260 fields to reflect the issues, parts, or iterations applicable to the field, follow the volume numbering, chronological designation, publication date, etc., with a colon (:). If the volume numbering, chronological designation, publication date, etc., represents incomplete information designated by a hyphen (-), insert a single space between the hyphen and the colon for clarity in displays.

260 3# $3 v. 1-3:

260 ## $3 v. 9-<10>:

260 2# $3 Apr. 2010-<July 2010>:

260 3# $3 2010- :

For integrating resources, this information can be any numbering assigned to the update.

$a Place of publication, distribution, etc.

Input the place of publication and any additions to place names in subfield $a.

260 ## New York, N.Y. :

260 ## [Reston, Va.?] :

260 ## Rio [de Janeiro] :

260 ## Cambridge [England] :

260 ## [New York] :

260 ## [United States] :

When two places are given, input each in a separate subfield $a. When repeated, the subsequent subfield $a is preceded by a space-semicolon-space ( ; ).

260 ## Basel ; $a New York :

260 ## [Reston, Va.?] : $b U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey ; $a Washington, D.C. : $b Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. [distributor]

CONSER standard record practice: It is required to supply only the first-named place of publication as found on the item. It is not required to supply any additional places, regardless of the home country of the cataloging agency. (Cf. LCRI 12.4C).

260 ## Basel :

When the place is unknown and the abbreviation "s.l." is given, capitalize the "S" only if it is the first subfield $a in the field.

260 ## [S.l. : $b s.n.]

260 ## Philadelphia : $b United States Pharmacopeial Convention ; $a [s.l.] : $b Distributed by Mack Pub. Co., $c 1980-

$b Name of publisher, distributor, etc.

Input in subfield $b the name of the publisher or distributor and any qualifying words. If both a publisher and a distributor are given, input each in a separate subfield $b. Subfield $b is always preceded by a space-colon-space ( : ).

260 ## [New York] : $b American Statistical Association

260 ## Cambridge [Cambridgeshire] : $b Published for Medico-Legal Society by W. Heffer & Sons, $c 1947-

260 ## Washington, D.C. : $b U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service : $b For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.

260 ## Victoria, B.C. : $b [s.n.], $c 1898-1945.

260 ## Berkeley : $b City Auditor, $c 1947-

$c Date of publication, distribution, etc.

CONSER standard record practice: It is not required to supply dates in 260 subfield $c.

Only one subfield $c may be recorded in multiple publishing statements of a record.

260 ## $3 1965-1977: London : $b Howard League for Penal Reform, $c c1965-c1983.

260 3# $3 1978-1983: $a Edinburgh : $b Scottish Academic Press

SERIALS: The date of publication, when recorded, is given only when the first and/or last issues are in hand. Angle brackets cannot be used in this field. When cataloging from issues that do not include the first or last, do not include $c. The beginning date of publication stays with the original publishing statement when subsequent 260 fields are added. The ending date of publication is added to the original 260 (first indicator value #) when provided.

INTEGRATING RESOURCES: LC/PCC practice is to supply the beginning and/or ending publication date in the publication, distribution, etc., on a case-by-case basis when the bibliographic resource includes an explicit statement according to AACR2 1.4F8 and LCRI 1.4F8. When multiple 260 fields are used for integrating resources, the beginning date of publication is moved to subfield $c of the current publishing statement. The ending date of publication is also added to the current publishing statement when available.

245 00 Taxation of intangible assets.

260 3# Washington, D.C. : $b West Group, $c c1997-

245 00 Federal income taxation of intellectual properties and intangible assets.

247 10 Taxation of intangible assets $f 1997-1998

260 ## $3 1997-1998: $a Washington, D.C. : $b West Group

260 3# $3 1999- : $a Boston : $b Warren, Gorham & Lamont, $c c1997-

ALL CONTINUING RESOURCES (and finite integrating resources): Do not input a comma after the publisher name, if leaving the date area empty. When inputting only an ending date, leave one space before the hyphen preceding a closing date. If a serial or integrating resource begins and ceases publication in the same year, whether in one issue or several, input the year once.

260 ## Milano : $b Associazione italiana editori

260 ## London : $b Howard League for Penal Reform, $c c1965-c1983.

260 ## Berkeley : $b City Auditor, $c -1936.

260 ## Chicago : $b Society for Utopian Studies, $c 1992-

260 ## London : $b [s.n.]

260 ## Washington : $b Board of Commissioners, $c -[1982]

260 ## New York : $b City Finance Committee, $c 1986.

260 ## [Sugar Land, Tex.] : $b Internet Scientific Publications, $c [200-?]

$e, $f, $g Place, name, and date of manufacture.

When this information is given, enclose it in parentheses. Do not input additional punctuation between the preceding subfield and subfield $e. Subfield $f is preceded by a space-colon-space ( : ). Subfield $g is preceded by a comma. If subfield $g is not given in the record, do not input the comma.

260 ## [Pennsylvania : $b s.n.], $c 1878-[1927?] $e (Gettysburg : $f J.E. Wible, Printer)

$6 Linkage.

For instructions on use of subfield $6, see field 880.

Maintenance

PCC catalogers are not required to convert existing 500 notes with earlier publishing information to repeated 260 fields in existing AACR2 and pre-AACR2 records. Catalogers may choose to leave a 500 showing earlier changes in an existing record and simply update current information in repeated 260 fields when providing maintenance. Therefore some bibliographic records created before implementation of the repeated 260 contain a mixture of two or more 260 fields and a 500 field for earlier changes. LC will generally not change information in existing AACR2 records and will apply repeatable 260 only to AACR2 records. Institutions other than LC may decide whether to convert existing 500 notes to 260 and whether or not to apply repeated 260s to pre-AACR2 records based on local needs and workloads.

Related fields, etc.

008/07-10, 008/11-14, 008/15-17, 008/28, 500, 550

260 Publication, Distribution, Etc. (Imprint) (MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data)