4A. Preliminary rule

Contents:

4A1. Prescribed punctuation

For instructions on the use of spaces before and after prescribed punctuation, see 0E.

Precede this area by a period-space-dash-space.

Precede a second or subsequently named place of publication, distribution, etc., by a semicolon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication.

Precede the name of the first publisher, distributor, etc., by a colon. Precede the name of a second and any subsequent publisher, distributor, etc., by a colon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication.

Precede the date of publication, distribution, etc., by a comma.

Enclose the details of manufacture (place, name, date) within parentheses.

Precede a second or subsequently named place of manufacture by a semicolon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication.

Precede the name of the first manufacturer by a colon. Precede the name of a second and any subsequent manufacturer by a colon, unless a linking word or phrase is given in the publication.

Precede the date of manufacture by a comma.

For the use of the equals sign to precede parallel statements, see the appropriate rules following.

4A2. Sources of information

4A2.1.

The prescribed sources of information for the publication, distribution, etc., area are the title page, colophon, other preliminaries, and dust jacket (see introductory section IX.2), in that order of preference. If the information for an element is not present in these sources, any source may be used to supply needed information (see 0G6). If statements belonging to different elements are found in separate sources, combine them to make a complete statement in the publication, distribution, etc., area. However, do not combine statements belonging to a single element when they appear in different sources within the publication.

4A2.2.

If any part of the publication, distribution, etc., area is taken from a source other than the title page, make a note to indicate the source (see 7B8). Make a note about information not transcribed in the publication, distribution, etc., area, if it is considered important.

4A3. Form and order of information

4A3.1.

Transcribe publication, distribution, etc., information in the form and order in which it is presented in the source, unless instructed otherwise by specific rules (see 0G).

4A3.2.

If statements belonging to different elements appear out of order, or as part of another area, and they are grammatically separable, transpose them as needed. Make a note indicating the original position of the transposed elements.

Mexico : Imprenta de la Escalerillas dirigida por Manuel Ximeno, 1828

Note: Date follows place of publication in imprint

Philadelphia : Published by Johnson & Warner, 1813 ([Philadelphia] : William Greer, printer)

Note: Printer precedes date of publication on t.p.

[Jena] : Verlegt zu Jena von Joh. Jacob Ehrdten, anno 1698 ([Mühlhausen] : Gedruckt zu Mühlhausen von Tobias David Brücknern)

Note: Printer statement appears before date on t.p.

4A3.3.

If the elements are not grammatically separable, or their transposition would result in an ambiguous or otherwise confusing construction, transcribe them in the order found and supply missing elements in square brackets as needed (see 0G6).

[London] : Emprynted the yere of oure Lorde a. MCCCCC & xiij by Richard Pynson, prynter vnto the kyng[es] noble grace, [1513]

(Comment: The date of publication has not been transposed because it is not a grammatically separable element.)

4A4. Fictitious or incorrect information

If all information relating to the publication, distribution, etc., area appearing in the publication is known to be fictitious or incorrect, transcribe it nonetheless and make an explanatory note. If the actual details are known, or can be reasonably surmised, supply them at the end of the area as a correction in square brackets. Include the source of this information in the note. If some but not all of the information is known to be fictitious or incorrect, apply the appropriate rule (see 4B9, 4C5, 4D2.4).

Sadopolis : Chez Justin Valcourt ... à l'enseigne de la Vertumalheureuse, an 0000 [i.e. Brussels : Jules Gay, 1866]

Note: Corrected imprint from: Pia, P. Livres de l'Enfer

4A5. Information covered by labels, etc.

If any of the original details relating to the publication, distribution, etc., area are covered by a label or other means showing later information, transcribe the later information. If the original details are visible or otherwise available, transcribe or give them in a note.

4A6. Elements relating to publication, distribution, etc., vs. elements relating to manufacture

Consider the wording, layout, and typography of the publication itself when determining the most appropriate place to transcribe information relating to the publication, distribution, etc., area. Keep in mind that statements relating to printing will sometimes be more appropriately transcribed as elements of publication, distribution, etc., and sometimes as elements of manufacture (FN4-1). Consult the following instructions for guidance.

4A6.1. Statements relating to publication, distribution, etc., only

If the publication bears only a statement relating to publication, distribution, etc., or multiple such statements, transcribe the statement(s) according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D.

Geneuae : Sumptibus Petri Chouët, 1651

Viennae : Impensis Joannis Pauli Kraus, bibliopolae Viennensis, 1768

New-York : Sold by D. Felt & Co. ; Boston : Published by Cha's Ellms, agent, [1835?]

4A6.2. Statements relating to manufacture only

4A6.2.1.

If the publication bears only a statement relating to manufacture, or multiple such statements, generally assume the manufacturer(s) to also be functioning as publisher(s), distributor(s), etc. Transcribe the statement(s) according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D. Consider the words "place of publication" and "publisher" in those instructions to refer equally to the place of manufacture and name of manufacturer in such cases.

Moguntiae : In typographeio Ioannis Albini, anno 1602

Edmonton : Jas. E. Richards, government printer, 1907

Te Philadelphia : Gedrukt bij Hendrik Miller, in de Twede Straat, MDCCLXII [1762]

Albany : Printed by Websters and Skinners ; New-York : Stereotyped by G. Bruce, 1822

4A6.2.2.

However, if the manufacturer is known not to be the publisher, distributor, etc., and the identity of the publisher, distributor, etc., can be determined or reasonably surmised, supply the name of the publisher, distributor, etc., in square brackets and transcribe the manufacturer statement as such according to the instructions in 4E, 4F, and 4G.

[Boston : New York & Erie Railroad Company, 1856] (Boston : Farwells & Forrest, steam job printers, 5 Lindall Street)

4A6.3. Statements relating both to publication, distribution, etc., and to manufacture

If the publication bears statements relating both to publication, distribution, etc., and to manufacture, determine whether or not the statements are grammatically separable.

4A6.3.1.

If the statements are grammatically inseparable, transcribe them according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D. Consider the words "place of publication" and "publisher" in those instructions to refer equally to the place of manufacture and name of manufacturer in such cases.

Boston : Printed by Robert Hodge, for Nathaniel Coverly, in Newbury-Street, [1782]

[Westzaandam] : Gedrukt voor den uitgever by H.J. de Roode te Westzaandam, en zyn te bekomen te Amsteldam by B. van der Klok, boekverkooper op de Blaauw Burgwal, 1765

Germantown, in Pennsylvania : Printed by Christopher Sower and sold in Charles-Town, South-Carolina, by Jacob Viart, book-seller in Elliot Street, [1757]

4A6.3.2.

If the statements are grammatically separable, determine which statement is emphasized in the source, whether typographically (larger font size, uppercase letters, boldface, etc.) or by appearing first.

4A6.3.2.1.

If a manufacturer statement has been emphasized, transcribe all of the statements according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D. Consider the words "place of publication" and "publisher" in those instructions to refer equally to the place of manufacture and name of manufacturer in such cases.

Londini : Typis H. Parker : Cura Josephi Pote, bibliopolae Etonensis, 1732

Oppenheimio : Ex officina typographica Hieronymi Galleri : Sumptibus Johannis Theodori de Bry, 1617

Manchester : Printed at the office of G. Nicholson, No. 9, Spring-Gardens ; London : Sold by T. Knott, No. 47, Lombard-Street and Champante & Whitrow, Jewry-Street, 1796

4A6.3.2.2.

If a publisher, distributor, etc., statement has been emphasized, transcribe the publisher, distributor, etc., statement(s) according to the instructions in 4B, 4C, and 4D and transcribe the manufacturer statement(s) according to the instructions in 4E, 4F, and 4G.

Boston : Published by William Parker, 1816 (Brookfield [Mass.] : E. Merriam & Co., printers)

Tot Middelburgh : By Zacharias Roman, boeck-vercooper ..., anno 1636 (Tot Middelburgh : Gedruckt by Hans vander Hellen ...)

New York : Livermore & Rudd, 1856 ([New York] : Electrotyped by Thomas B. Smith, 82 & 84 Beekman Street : Printed by J.D. Torrey, 18 Spruce Street)